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ValueFood
ValueFood

Category: Nutrition

All about nutrition

Sports Diet-Nutrition Workout

Post workout meal

valuefood, December 25, 2011

Just had a great workout? Isn’t it feel great? It’s a great feeling having a…

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Nutrition Guide

Glycemic Index and Low GI Diet

valuefood, September 4, 2011

What is Glycemic Index GI?

Definition of Glycemic Index: The Glycemic index or GI is measure of effect of complex sugar or carbohydrate on blood sugar level. In simple terms, this index is way of ranking food based on how quickly carbohydrate is broken into simple sugar and is assimilated in blood. High Glycemic index food is one which is assimilated in blood quickly, while low glycemic index food is one which takes time to assimilate.

In 1981, David Jenkins and Thomas Wolever of University of Toronto first invented the Glycemic index during their research on diabetes. This index is since then been used to classify food containing carbohydrates.  The Glycemic index has been frequently used during discussion of controlling blood sugar in Diabetes. High Glycemic index food raises blood glucose (blood sugar -interchangeably used) faster.

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Vitamin

Health benefits of Vitamin B3 or Niacin

valuefood, October 7, 2010

Vitamin B3 or Niacin is one name for a pair of naturally occurring nutrients, nicotinic acid and nicotinamide. It is one of the most stable Vitamin B. Niacin is essential for proper growth, and like other B vitamins. This water soluble vitamin plays important role in metabolism and nervous system.

Sources of Vitamin B3

Good sources of Vitamin B3 are beets, brewer’s yeast, beef liver, beef kidney, fish, salmon, swordfish, tuna, mushroom, sunflower seeds, and peanuts. Foods which contain tryptophan which from which niacin can be synthesized in body include poultry, red meat, eggs, and dairy products. Vitamin B3 is available in several different supplement forms as a tablet or capsule.

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Vitamin

Health benefits of Vitamin B2 – Riboflavin

valuefood, October 7, 2010

Vitamin B2 or Riboflavin, water soluble vitamin plays important role in metabolism and nervous system. Riboflavin, the second B vitamin to be identified, was once called Vitamin G. Its present name is derivative of its chemical structure, a carbon hydrogen oxygen skeleton that includes a sugar, ribitol attached to a flavonoid, substance from plants containing pigment called flavone.

Functions of Vitamin B2

Like Thiamine, riboflavin acts as a coenzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Without riboflavin, our body would not be able to digest protein and carbohydrate.Riboflavin is a constituent of enzymes involved in cell respiration. It is also necessary for the maintenance of good vision and healthy skin. The vitamin helps convert carbohydrates to ATP, the energy fuel. It has a yellow pigment and colors the urine.

Like Vitamin A, it protects the health of mucous membranes of body – the moist tissue that lines eyes, mouth, nose, throat, vagina and rectum. Vitamin B2 is helpful in maintaining good vision and healthy hair, skin and nails and it is necessary for normal cell growth.

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Vitamin

Health benefits of Thiamine or Vitamin B1

valuefood, October 7, 2010

Vitamin B1 or Thiamine was first of Vitamin B to be isolated and identified. This water soluble vitamin plays important role in metabolism and nervous system.

Functions of Vitamin B1

It helps ensure a healthy appetite. Mental efficiency, health, and a feeling of wellbeing are dependent on thiamine. It is required for nerve cells to function normally.
It acts as a coenzyme essential in metabolism of carbohydrate, at least four different processes by which body extracts energy from carbohydrates. And thiamin also is a mild diuretic.

Although thiamin is found in every body tissue, the highest concentrations are in human vital organs — heart, liver, and kidneys. Thiamine functions in conduction of nerve impulses.

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Vitamin

Health benefits of Vitamin C – Ascorbic acid

valuefood, October 7, 2010

Vitamin C or L-ascorbic acid or L-ascorbate is an essential nutrient for humans.

Functions of Vitamin C

Vitamin C is necessary for the formation of collagen, the connective tissue in skin, ligaments, and bones. Vitamin C speeds the production of new cells in wound healing, protects your immune system, helps you fight off infection, and plays a role in the syntheses of hormones and other body chemicals. The vitamin aids in forming red blood cells and preventing hemorrhaging and bleeding gums.

 It maintains the activity of white blood cells which act as bacteria fighters. Vitamin C acts as an inhibitor of histamine, a compound that is released during allergic reactions and reduces the severity of allergic reactions. Vitamin C has shown protective effects against heavy metal exposure, pesticides, and food additives such as nitrates which have been associated with cancer. The vitamin is an antioxidant, protects LDL cholesterol from oxidative damage, supports the immune system, and helps prevent cancer. Recent studies have shown vitamin C affects nitric oxide activity, which is important in the dilation of blood vessels beneficial in preventing artery spasms leading to heart attacks and in lowering blood pressure.

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Vitamin

Health benefits of Vitamin E

valuefood, October 7, 2010

Chemical name of Vitamin E is tocopherol, derived from toco, meaning related to childbirth.

RDA- 30 IU ; Optimal Intake- 100-300 IU

Vitamin E comprises of family of eight naturally occurring compounds – 4 tocopherols and 4 tocotrienols. Alpha-tocopherol is the only Vitamin E active in human body and the most common form of vitamin E in food. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin, absorbed in the presence of bile salts and fat. From the intestine, it is absorbed into the lymph and transported in the bloodstream as tocopherol to the liver where high concentrations are stored. It is also stored in the fatty tissues, heart, muscles, testes, uterus, blood, and adrenal and pituitary glands.

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Vitamin

Health benefits of Vitamin K

valuefood, October 7, 2010

Chemical Names- Menadione, Phytomenadione
RDA- 80 mcg; Optimal Intake- 100-150 mcg

In 1929, Henrik Dam first noted that Vitamin K played critical role in blood clotting and name it Vitamin K for Koagulation. Vitamin K belongs to family of compounds known as quinines. These include phylloquinone from plants and menaquinones from animal sources. Phylloquinone is most biologically active form. Vitamin K absorption depends on normal consumption and digestion of fat. The vitamin is absorbed in the upper intestinal tract with the aid of bile salts, transported to the liver and stored in small quantities

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Vitamin

Health Benefits of Vitamin D – Calciferol

valuefood, October 7, 2010

Several forms (vitamers) of vitamin D have been discovered. The two major forms are vitamin D2 or ergocalciferol, and vitamin D3 or cholecalciferol. These are known collectively as calciferol.

Adequate intake levels of vitamin D have been established by the Food and Nutrition Board at the Institute of Medicine of The National Academies. These intake levels are based only on age (i.e., they are the same regardless of weight, gender, pregnancy, or lactation) – Birth to 50 years, 5 µg (200 IU); 51–70 years, 10 µg (400 IU); 71+ years, 15 µg (600 IU). These intake levels are based on the assumption that the vitamin is not synthesized by exposure to sunlight. Vitamin D from food is absorbed from the upper part of small intestine along with dietary fat and transported to liver. In skin ultra violet radiation from Sun converts cholesterol derivative to cholecalciferol which is transported to Liver, where it is converted to calcidiol, which is convereted into Vitamin D in kidneys.

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Nutrition Facts

What are Proteins?

valuefood, July 18, 2010

Proteins make up most of the body weight after water. Proteins are required for growth and development of all body tissues. They are the major source of building material for muscles, blood, skin, hair, nails, and internal organs, including the heart and brain. Protein is needed for the formation of hormones which control a variety of body functions such as growth, sexual development, and rate of metabolism. Protein also helps prevent the blood and tissues from becoming either too acid or too alkaline and helps regulate the body’s water balance.

Proteins are more complex than carbohydrates or fats. When a protein food is ingested, the body breaks it down into amino acids. Ribosomes in each cell receive coded messages from DNA in the cell nucleus on how to put these amino acids together in chains. There are 20 amino acids and they can be combined in numerous ways, like the letters in the alphabet. When a protein chain is finished, its chemical, electrical, and sequential (the sequence of amino acids) characteristics result in a unique coiled three-dimensional shape which is important because the shape alone enables the protein to perform a specific function.

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Nutrition Facts

What are Fats?

valuefood, June 27, 2010

Fats are one of the essential nutrients required by our body. Fats consist of a wide group of compounds, generally insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.

Fats are converted for storage in the body from glucose. We also derive fats directly from foods. Fats are a mixture of fatty acids composed of carbon molecules linked together with attached hydrogen and oxygen atoms. This carbon–carbon configuration is of high-energy and therefore caloric value of fats is twice the caloric value of carbohydrates. Though Carbohydrates are the principal source of energy to our body, fats are our energy reserve.
Fats insulate the body and cushion vital organs. Almost all the cells in the body can convert fats into energy, a process called fatty-acid oxidation. Most fatty acids are in the form of triglycerides, a combination of fatty acids and a carrier molecule, glycerol. When we eat fats and oils, the body separates the fatty acids from their carrier; likewise when triglycerides in fat tissue are taken out of storage for conversion to energy. Every cell in the body needs fatty acids to produce and build new cells. They are critical in the transmission of nerve impulses and for normal brain development.

Fat has received bad reputation in the diet world, although only some of that reputation is deserved. While bad fats can contribute to poor health, some fats are needed for good health. Better understanding of types of fats and functions of various fats would help us understand more about the fats we need and the fats to avoid.

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Vitamin

Health Benefits of Vitamin A – Retinol

valuefood, June 13, 2010

The first nutritional deficiency disease to be clearly recognized was probably nightblindness. The ancient Egyptians, as mentioned in the Papyrus Ebers and later in London Medical Papyrus, recommended juice extractd from cooked liver to be applied to the eye to cure nightblindness. These observations and writings date even before 1500 B.C. Ancient Greeks have also recommended both ingestion of cooked liver for cure of night blindness. It was however in 1913, that Vitamin A was recognized as the first fat soluble vitamin and essential nutrient for growth and survival of the body. In 1930, it was established that carotene pigment in carrots, fruits and some vegetables is converted to Vitamin A in the body.
Vitamin A or retinol is found in food of animal origin, while carotene is provided by foods of both plant and animal origin. Vitamin A can either be ingested or synthesized within the body from plant carotene.

Approximately 80% of Vitamin A is absorbed in human system. It is passed along with fat through the lymphatic system into the bloodstream. The absorbtion of vitamin A increased if it is taken with fats. Women absorb Vitamin A faster than men. During diarrhea, jaundice and abdominal disorders, Vitamin A absorption is poor. Vitamin A is stored in liver. A healthy person can store about 100 mcg of Vitamin A per gram of liver. Of the Vitamin A absorbed, about 20-50 percent either combines with or burns down into products that are excreted within about one week in the faeces and urine. Remaining 20% of Vitamin A which is not absorbed is extracted within one or two days into the faeces.

Functions of Vitamin A: The best defined function of Vitamin A is its role in vision. It provides the required stimulation for vision in the retina. In addition, Vitamin A is required for growth, reproduction and maintenance of life. It builds up resistance to respiratory and other infections, and ckeeps the mucous linings and membranes of the body, especially those of the eyes, lungs, stomach, and intestines, in healthy condition. It prevents eye diseases. It aids in the secretion of gastric juices, and the digestion of protein. It also plays a vital role in preventing and clearing up infections of the skin and in promoting healthy hair, teeth and gums. Vitamin A increases permeability of blood capillaries and thereby contributing better tissue oxygenation. It also helps prevent premature ageing and senility, increase life expectancy, and extends youthfulness.

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